13.
The escape of blood from damaged blood vessels is called
rrh
.
The first response to a cut or ruptured vessel is contraction (spasm) of the blood
itself.
If the hole is small, a plug formed by clumping of the
s may stop the
A complicated process for sealing off holes or ends of blood vessels is called
n or
ing. In this process, the blood forms a solid mass call a blood
. After a number of steps, the protein fibrinogen is converted into sticky strands of
n. The resulting meshwork traps
s and
a and thus seals the opening.
Within the body a collection of blood, usually clotted and resulting from
hemorrhage, is called a
a.
The spleen, the liver, and large abdominal veins serve as blood r
s,
which can be mobilized to maintain the circulating blood
e.
14.
If an individual has lost whole blood by hemorrhaging, it is often necessary to
give trans
s of whole blood. Whole blood transfusions continue the functions of
the
s. When fluid but few formed elements have been lost,
a or a _______
substitute will often be used.
On the surfaces of RBCs, there are a number of substances called
ns.
The blood of other individuals may contain
ies to these substances. The blood
of the recipient and the blood of the donor must be
ed to avoid potentially fatal
s. Important systems of such antigens include the
O system and the
system.
15.
The lungs, liver, and heart have two blood supplies. Blood to be worked upon by
the organ is called
l blood. Blood for the usual exchange of materials
between body cells and the blood is called
t blood.
16.
An end artery is the
e supply of blood to an area of the body. End arteries
are most common in the
n and the
t. If an end artery is damaged and can
no longer supply blood to its corresponding area, the tissues of that area will
.
17.
Cycles of blood circulation include the
y cycle and the
c cycle.
MD0007
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