N
nanosecond: one billionth of a second (one thousandth of a microsecond); unit of
computer access time. (2-8e)
network: several computers and terminals linked by communication channels either on
a remote or local basis. (3-17)
O
off-line: operations performed apart from the computer. (3-13a)
on-line: in direct communication with the computer; cabled to the computer;information
that is immediately accessible (stored on a secondarystorage that supports direct
access to the information).(2-6c(l)) & (3-14)
on-line processing: the entry of data directly into the computer from a terminal in
direct communication with the CPU; rapid and random inputting of data without sorting,
not instantaneous like real time processing; data manipulation is fast enough to affect
the outcome, but not instantaneous. (3-14b)
operating system: a collection of programs that permits a computer to manage itself,
reduces CPU idle time, and increases utilization of computer facilities. (3-11)
P
peripherals: input-output units, secondary storage devices, and other auxiliary
equipment. (2-6a)
**program: a sequence of detailed instructions for performing an operation or solving a
problem by computer. (1-15) & (2-1)
Q
R
RAM: a form of temporary internal storage whose contents can be retrieved and altered
by the user; also called "read and write memory.' (RAM originally stood for random
access memory, a misleading term no longer employed, but the acronym remains in
common usage.) (1-18c(8))
read: to accept or obtain data from some source,and so forth, a storage device. (2-4)
real time processing: the capability of a system to receive data, process it, and
provide output fast enough to control or affect an activity being performed; response
time is instantaneous. (3-15)
MD0057
G-6