(3) Cingulum. The cingulum (see figure 4-10) is a prominence (bulge) of
enamel found on the cervical third of the lingual surface of all anterior teeth.
Figure 4-10. Cingulum.
(4) Cusp. A cusp is a conical (cone-shaped) or rounded elevation of
enamel on the occlusal surface of bicuspids and molars and on the incisal edge of
cuspids. A cuspid has a single cusp, a bicuspid has two cusps, and a molar has four
cusps.
Figure 4-11. Cusp.
(5) Cusp of Carabelli. Sometimes there is a fifth cusp on the maxillary first
molar. It is called the cusp of Carabelli. It is an underdeveloped, rudimentary cusp on
the lingual surface of the mesiolingual cusp.
d. Linear Elevations.
(1) Ridge. A ridge is an elongated elevation of enamel on the crown surface
of a tooth. Several different ridges can be found on a tooth. They are named for their
location.
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