(c) Iodochlorhydroxyquin (Vioform). This medication is chiefly used to
treat amebic dysentery, but it may also be applied topically to treat various skin
conditions. LIodochlorhydroxyquin exhibits antibacterial, antifungal, and antipruritic
properties when it is applied to the skin. It can, therefore, be used to treat almost every
kind of eczema. Both water-soluble creams and ointments of this medication can be
purchased commercially.
(d) Nystatin (Mucostatin). Nystatin is active against a number of
yeasts and molds that cause "diaper rash" and thrush. Nystatin is relatively nontoxic,
but nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may occur if taken orally. This drug has staining
properties, and patients using the drug should be cautioned. Nystatin is available as an
ointment, in oral suspension, and in tablets.
(e) Selenium sulfide (Selsun). This agent is a topical antifungal used
in the treatment of dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis. The patient should be instructed
not to use this medication if blistered, raw, or oozing areas are present on the scalp,
and also to keep the medication away from the eyes. Selsun is a prescription drug
intended for external use only as is Selsun Blue, an over-the-counter product. Both of
these products may slightly discolor light colored hair.
(4) Candidiasis (Moniliasis). Candidiasis, a superficial fungal infection,
may involve almost any skin or mucous surface of the body. These fungal infections
usually affect moist skin or mucous membranes. The mouth disease thrush is an
example of this type of fungal infection. Medications that are used to treat this fungal
infection include the following:
(a) Amphotericin B (Fungizone). This agent is an antibiotic with
antifungal activity and is used both topically and systemically. Amphotericin B may
exert a "drying" effect on the skin, and in some cases may stain the skin. This drug is
available as a cream, lotion, ointment, and parenteral injection (intravenous or
intramuscular injection).
Nystatin (Candex, Mycostatin, Nilstat). See paragraph
(b)
5-9c(3)(d).
(c) Clotrimazole (Lotrimin). This is a broad-spectrum antifungal
effective as a topical agent in the treatment of infections caused by disease-producing
fungi and by Candida albicans (a yeast-like fungus responsible for thrush and vaginitis).
Side effects associated with the use of this product include itching, burning, peeling,
blisters, and erythema (redness).
(d) Miconazole (Monistat-Derm). Miconazole is a synthetic antifungal
effective against the common dermatophytes (any fungus which can cause a skin
disease). The side effects for miconazole are the same as for clotrimazole in the
previous paragraph. This product is available in cream form for either topical or vaginal
applications, lotions for topical application, and in an injectable form.
MD0575
5-13