(e) Cephapirin (Cefadyl).
(f)
Cefazolin (Ancef, Kefzol).
g. Second generation agents.
(1) These agents are similar to first generation agents; in addition, they are
active against Haemophilus influenzae, including ampicillin resistant strains. They are
also beta-lactamase resistant. Some agents are more active against gram-negative
bacilli, especially indole positive Proteus and anaerobes.
(2) Second generation cephalosporin agents cause adverse reactions
similar to first generation agents and require the same cautions and warnings.
(3)
Examples of these agents are:
(a) Cefaclor (Ceclor).
(b)
Cefamandole (Mandol).
(c)
Cefoxitin (Mefoxin).
h. Third generation agents.
(1) These agents are parenteral antipseudomonal cephalosporins with
expanded activity against gram-negative organisms, but less activity against
gram-positive organisms than the previous generation.
(2) Because of its good CSF penetration, moxalactam may be the initial
drug to use when a gram-negative bacilli is stained from a meningeal infection.
However, this agent is reported to cause hypoprothrombinemia. and it should be
administered concurrently with vitamin K.
(3) These agents cause similar adverse reactions and require the same
cautions and warnings as previous generations.
(4)
Some examples of third generation cephalosporin agents are:
(a) Cefoperazone (Cefobid).
(b)
Cefotaxime (Claforan).
(c)
Moxalactam (Moxam).
MD0808
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