b. Autologous Transfusion. The term autologous transfusion describes
transfusion of any blood component that was donated by the intended recipient. A
recipient who serves as his or her own donor receives the safest possible transfusion in
that the risks of transfusion-transmitted infection and all immunization are eliminated.
Autologous transfusion provides many benefits to the donor-patient, the blood donor
center, and the hospital transfusion service. Four categories of autogous transfusions
are generally recognized:
(1)
Preoperative. The blood drawn before a planned surgery is stored until
needed.
(2) Intraoperatiive hemodilution. The blood is collected at the start of
surgery (most often prior to a cardiopulmonary bypass procedure) and then stored for
subsequent reinfusion post-bypass.
(3) Intraoperative salvage . The blood is salvaged from the surgical field
and infused during or after the surgical procedure.
(4) Post operative salvage. The blood is collected post operatively by
salvage of shed mediastinal blood. Although preoperative phlebotomy may be
performed only at the written request of the patient's physician, the medical director of
the drawing facility is ultimately responsible for determining, prior to each donation, the
suitability of drawing blood from a particular patient. Guidelines for acceptable
autogous donation criteria should be met prior to accepting the patient for donation.
Individuals who fail to meet the criteria may request special permission to enter the
autologous program.
c. Donor Immunization and Hyperimmunization. The standards are quite
clear and the reader is referred to the current edition of the Standards of the AABB.
1-8.
THE COLLECTION OF BLOOD
a. Blood shall be collected from donors by trained personnel working under the
direction of a qualified, licensed physician. The phlebotomist must sign or initial donor
record, whether or not the phlebotomy resulted in a transfusable unit.
b. Blood collection shall be by aseptic methods, utilizing a sterile, closed system,
and a single venipuncture. If more than 1 skin puncture is needed, another container
and donor set must be used.
The donor must never be left unattended during the collection of blood.
CAUTION:
MD0845
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