SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES, LESSON 7
1.
Respiration is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the cells of the
2.
External respiration is the exchange of gases between the air in the lungs and
3.
Internal respiration is the exchange of gases between the blood and the individual
4.
Breathing is the process that moves air into and out of the lungs. It is a
5.
In costal breathing, the major structure causing movement of the air is the rib
6.
In diaphragmatic breathing, air movement is caused by interaction between the
7.
The components of the human respiratory system consist of air passageways and
two lungs. Air moves from the outside of the body into tiny sacs in the lungs called
8.
The main subdivisions of the respiratory system may be identified by their relation-
ship to the larynx (voice box). The subdivisions are as follows: supralaryngeal
structures, the larynx, and infralaryngeal structures. (para 7-2b)
9.
The functions of the supralaryngeal structures are to cleanse, warm, moisten, and
10.
The functions of the larynx are to control the volume of the inflowing air and to
produce selected pitch (vibration frequency). (para 7-2b)
11.
The function of the infralaryngeal structures is to distribute air to the alveoli of the
lung. Here, actual external respiration takes place. (para 7-2b)
12.
The external nose is supported primarily by cartilages. (para 7-3a)
13.
The two nasal chambers are separated by the nasal septum. The walls of the
nasal chambers are lined with a membrane known as the mucoperiosteum.
Scroll-like extensions, which increase the surface area of the lateral walls, are
known as conchae. Sensory endings for the sense of smell are found in the
olfactory epithelium. Air "cells" or cavities in the skull are known as paranasal
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