b. Signs/Symptoms. A cataract may appear as a white or yellow discoloration
in the lens. Any cataract that develops over a period of time (from months to years) is
usually yellowish or light brown in color. A traumatic cataract usually appears white if it
develops over a short period of time. This type of cataract is usually due to a metallic
foreign body striking the lens such as a BB shot, darts, or rocks. A traumatic cataract
may also be caused by overexposure to heat (glassblowers' cataract) or steel
fragments. Opacities may develop anywhere in the lens; the location of the cataracts
plus the pattern or shape may give an indication as to the cause. For example, a typical
cataract due to long-term corticosteroid therapy will usually start in the posterior
subcapsular area.
c. Treatment. For treatment of the cataract, refer the patient to the
ophthalmology clinic.
3-8.
CORNEAL ULCER
a. Description. As the name suggests, a corneal ulcer is an ulcer on the
cornea of the eye. Corneal ulcers are a medical emergency. There are many causes of
corneal ulcers: bacterial, viral, and fungal infections as well as allergic disorders.
b. Signs/Symptoms. Signs and symptoms include the following:
(1)
Mild eye irritation.
(2)
Photophobia.
(3)
Blurred vision.
(4)
Visible corneal ulcers.
c. Treatment. Management of this condition depends on the cause of the ulcer.
In any case, refer the patient to the ophthalmology clinic. Prompt treatment is essential
to prevent complications such as visual impairment due to corneal scarring or infection.
3-9.
EYE STRAIN
Eye strain is a common eye complaint. Usually this condition indicates eye
discomfort associated with prolonged reading, close work, or the use of binoculars. In
order to assess the condition, it is necessary to screen the eye for a refractive error.
Also, determine whether the patient works/reads in inadequate light or overuses dark
glasses. Both may contribute to eye strain.
MD0582
3-5