(b) Tracheal tugging.
(c)
Retractions of intercostal and suprasternal muscles.
(6) Signs of hypoxia (abnormal reduction of oxygen in body tissues; also
called oxygen deficiency) such as:
(a) Restlessness.
(b) Increased pulse rate.
(c)
Eventually, cyanosis.
NOTE:
A croup attack usually occurs at night. A child with croup will seem to be
fairly healthy during the day, with some hoarseness. He goes to bed and
begins to have a harsh, metallic cough. This cough progresses to a loud,
barking, alarming noise.
b. Treatment for Croup.
(1)
Administer humidified oxygen by mask.
(2)
Place the child in the most comfortable position for his breathing.
(3)
Transport the child to a medical treatment facility.
NOTE:
Similar signs and symptoms may imply upper airway obstruction by a foreign
object. If this is the case, cautiously visualize the airway with a light. Use
extreme gentleness to avoid causing a laryngospasm (spasm of the larynx).
NOTE:
The initial treatment given at home to a child with croup is for the parents to
run a hot shower to humidify the air in the bathroom. A parent then sits close
to the shower with the child.
3-11. EPIGLOTTITIS
Epiglottitis is a condition in which the epiglottis becomes inflamed. This
inflammation is caused by a bacterial infection of the patient's epiglottis. The inflamed
epiglottis swells and becomes a "cherry-red" color, resulting in an obstructed airway.
a. Signs/Symptoms of Epiglottitis. Children who have epiglottitis are usually
over four years old. Signs and symptoms include the following.
(1)
Pain on swallowing (dysphagia).
(2)
Frequent drooling due to the inability or unwillingness to swallow.
MD0584
3-12