(8)
Perform an annual vaccination of animals in enzootic areas.
(9) Use control of trade wastes and effluents from rendering plants that
handle potentially infected animals.
e. Control.
(1)
Report cases to the local health authority.
(2) Isolate wounds until anthrax bacilli free. Place inhalation cases under
strict isolation.
(3)
Perform terminal cleaning of area.
(4) Determine source of infection--investigate all contacts. Ensure adequate
preventive measures in manufacturing plants.
2-6.
PLAGUE
This acute febrile disease was explained in paragraph 1-9b.
2-7.
Q-FEVER (QUERY FEVER)
a. General. Q-fever is self-limited rickettsial disease that is caused by the
infectious agent, Coxiella burnetii (Rickettsia burnetii). It has been reported worldwide,
and the incidence is even greater than reported. This disease affects meat workers,
farmers, veterinarians, and dairy workers. It has also affected personnel working in
diagnostic laboratories and in medical centers where sheep, are used for research. The
natural reservoir for this disease is ticks, wild animals, cattle, sheep, and goats. Q-fever
may be transmitted by airborne dissemination in dust (organisms may be carried
downwind half a mile or more) or by ingestion of infected raw milk. Person-to-person
transmission is very rare, but may occur through direct contact with the laundry of
exposed persons.
b. Signs and Symptoms. The onset is abrupt with fever, severe headache,
chilliness, severe malaise, myalgia, and chest pains all varying in severity and duration.
The victim's fever may rise to 40C (104F) and persist from one to more than three
weeks. A nonproductive cough with evidence of pulmonitis occurs during the second
week. There have been reports of pericarditis, chronic endocarditis, hepatitis, and
generalized infections. If the victim has damaged heart valves or valve replacements,
chronic Q-fever may result.
MD0589
2-9
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