16.
The appearance of symptoms and infectivity ranges from 15 to 45
(hours) (days )(weeks) following the first exposure to the hepatitis A virus. The
virus is rapidly cleared from the body at the onset of s____s. The highest period
of infectivity occurs during the (early) (late) incubation period. The patient is
considered potentially infectious for up to 2 (days) (weeks) (months) after the
onset of symptoms. There are no reported cases of a c____c carrier (infection
longer than 6 months) HAV state.
Considering HAV immunological assays, the anti-HAV IgM detects ___ antibody
17.
produced in the i___l r____se to hepatitis A antigen. It is specific for diagnosing or
confirming an a____e HAV infection. The anti-HAV measures total a_y (IgM and I
gG) to hepatitis A antigen. It is an indicator of r___t infection as well as p__t
infection. It is primarily useful in confirming p___s exposure and immunity to
hepatitis A.
18.
The hepatitis B virus consists of a central core containing the core a__n (HBcAg)
and a surrounding e___e containing the surface antigen (HBsAg). DNA, hepatitis
Be antigen, and an DNA polymerase are located in the central c_____e. The
intact virus particle containing these components is referred to as the "D______e
particle."
19.
Hepatitis B virus is predominantly transmitted via the p____l route. Parenteral
transmission occurs mainly through exposure to contaminated b__d or b__d
products (blood transfusions, d__is patients, h____cs, infected n___les, and so forth).
Though transmission appears to be primarily parenteral, HBV can also be
transmitted through a number of nonparenteral routes such as close intimate
contact.
20.
The length of the incubation period for HBV correlates inversely with the a___t of
virus to which the individual is exposed. (Large dose of HBV = (long) (short)
incubation time.) The average incubation period for hepatitis B is about 45
(hours) (days) with a typical range from 30 to 120. Hepatitis B is potentially highly
i______s. As long as HBsAg is d__ble, the individual should be considered
infectious. A chronic carrier state (does) (does not) exist for hepatitis B infections.
MD0838
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