(b) Limited protein to decrease protein metabolism (protein metabolism
will result in more nitrogenous wastes that cannot be filtered by the kidneys).
(c) Any dietary protein allowed must be of high biological value to
provide the essential amino acids.
(d)
High carbohydrate diet to provide energy and decrease protein
metabolism.
(e) Potassium restrictions to avoid hyperkalemia (cellular potassium is
released during protein metabolism. Hyperkalemia, or potassium intoxication, can
cause severe cardiac arrhythmia's).
f. Neurological.
(1)
Frequent assessment of level of consciousness.
(2)
Observation for mental status changes.
(3)
Encourage family to report noted personality changes.
(4) Administer prescribed medications to manage muscle spasms and
convulsive seizures.
2-35. ACUTE RENAL FAILURE
a. Acute renal failure is the sudden and severe loss of kidney function. As in
chronic renal failure, all body systems become disrupted by the inability of the kidneys
to filter metabolic wastes.
b. Acute renal failure may be the result of one of the following:
(1)
Trauma.
(2)
(3)
Transfusion reaction.
(4)
Cardiopulmonary bypass.
(5)
Hypovolemic hypertension (as a result of hemorrhage or burns, for
example).
(6)
Dehydration.
(7)
Sepsis.
MED918
2-36