(c) Be aware that stimulation of coughing when suctioning increases
intracranial pressure and may precipitate seizure activity.
(3)
(a) Mannital (osmotic diuretic, to decrease cerebral edema).
(b)
Corticosteroids (to reduce cerebral edema).
(c)
Dilantin (as a precautionary measure to prevent seizure activity).
(d) Antibiotics.
(4)
Elevate head of bed (30).
(a)
Promotes return of venous blood.
(b) Under no circumstances should patient's head be lower than the
body.
(5)
Administer hypertonic I.V. solutions as ordered.
(a) Dextrose in water (hypotonic) crosses the blood-brain barrier and
increase cerebral edema and intracranial pressure.
(b) Fluids will be restricted to reduce intracranial pressure.
(c)
Accurate intake and output records must be kept.
(6)
Protect patient from injury should seizures occur.
(a) Pad side rails.
(b) Secure a tongue blade to the head of the bed for easy access.
(7)
Maintain normal body temperature.
(a) Intracranial bleeding is frequently accompanied by increases in
body temperature that are resistant to antipyretic agents.
(b) Monitor rectal temperature frequently.
(c)
Place patient on hypothermia blanket, as ordered, for temperature
over 102F.
MD0919
2-55