c. Proximal Radioulnar. The proximal radioulnar articulation is a pivot joint.
The circumference of the head of the radius articulates with the radial notch of the ulna.
The movements include pronation and supination.
d. Distal Radioulnar. The distal radioulnar articulation is a pivot joint between
the head of the ulna and the ulnar notch of the radius. The movements of the distal
radioulnar joint are pronation and supination.
e. Wrist. The wrist is a condyloid joint. The scaphoid and lunate fossae on the
distal end of the radius articulate with the scaphoid lunate bones. The movements
allowed by the wrist are flexion, extension, hyperextension, abduction, adduction, and
circumduction.
2-7.
ARTICULATIONS OF THE HAND
a. Intercarpal. These are gliding joints between the individual carpal bones.
Very limited gliding movement is permitted at these joints.
b. Carpometacarpal. The bases of the metacarpals are attached to the distal
row of carpals. The trapezium, attached to the first metacarpal, is a special joint
(saddle) which gives man an opposable thumb. The movements allowed by this joint
are flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction. The joints between the
carpus and the second, third, fourth, and fifth metacarpal bones are gliding, and their
movements are limited to slight flexion and extension.
c. Intermetacarpal. The bases of the second, third, fourth, and fifth metacarpal
bones are connected with one another. The intermetacarpal joints permit only a slight
gliding movement.
d. Metacarpophalangeal. The heads of the metacarpals are articulate with the
proximal row of phalanges. They are condyloid joints. The movements allowed are
flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction.
e. Interphalangeal. The joints between the phalanges are called
interphalangeal. They are hinge-type joints. The movements of the phalanges are
flexion and extension.
2-8.
PALPATION POINTS OF THE UPPER EXTREMITY
Palpation points of the upper extremity are shown in figures 2-8, 2-9, and 2-10.
Be sure to study these carefully.
MD0956
2-13