with nitrous oxide because of its slow induction. Innovar may also be used for various
diagnostic procedures. This product is a controlled substance (Note R item).
Ketamine (Ketalar) is a nonbarbiturate anesthetic that can be
(3)
administered either intravenously or intramuscularly. Ketamine produces a dissociative
type anesthesia in which the patient becomes detached mentally from the environment.
Ketamine may be used for induction anesthesia or for diagnostic or minor surgical
procedures in children.
Section II. OTHER AGENTS USED DURING SURGERY
6-5. INTRODUCTION
No single anesthetic agent is capable of producing the deep levels of analgesia
and skeletal muscle relaxation required during all types of surgery. Consequently, other
drugs that have certain desired effects are administered along with the general
anesthetic being used. Five major categories of these agents will be presented in this
subcourse. They are analgesic agents, drying agents, skeletal muscle relaxants,
sedative and hypnotic agents, and antianxiety agents.
6-6. ANALGESIC AGENTS
Analgesic agents relieve pain. Although a general anesthetic agent will produce
unconsciousness, the patient might still be able to feel some pain. In these cases, a
preanesthetic medication might be administered to the patient in order to relieve the
pain. A variety of analgesic agents are available to achieve this purpose. Following are
some commonly used agents:
Meperidine (Demerol).
a.
b.
Morphine.
Nubain.
c.
Stadol.
d.
MD0804
6-4