(2)
Specific indications for osmotic diuretic use.
(a) Prevention of treatment of an early oliguric phase (oliguria =
abnormally low excretion of urine; in an average adult, less than 400 cm per day) of an
acute renal failure. Conditions which might bring on acute renal failure include the
following:
1 Cardiovascular operations.
2 Severe traumatic injury.
3 Operations in the presence of severe jaundice.
4 Management of hemolytic transfusion (blood transfusion)
reactions.
5 Acute trauma.
6 Burns.
(b) Reduction of intracranial pressure and treatment of cerebral
edema.
(c) Promotion of urinary excretion of toxic substances; for example,
(3)
Specific contraindications for osmotic diuretic use.
(a) DO NOT use if the patient has severe pulmonary congestion or
congestive heart failure.
(b) DO NOT use if there is active intracranial bleeding. In this
instance, vasodilation could occur because of increased plasma volume.
(4)
Administration and dosage of osmotic diuretics. Proceed as follows:
(a) DO NOT infuse if crystals are present in the solution. Crystals can
(b) The usual dosage is 5 mg per kg.
(c)
Osmotic diuretics act in 15 to 30 minutes after an IV infusion.
(d) Duration of diuresis (increased production of urine) if four to six
hours.
MD0580
4-7