(b) Treatment. Follow this procedure.
1 Control hemorrhage. Use a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube to
stop the esophageal veins from hemorrhaging. This piece of equipment has three
tubes. One tube leads to a balloon which inflates in the stomach and holds the device
in place and hold the vessels of the cardia in place. A second tube leads to a long,
narrow balloon in the esophagus; when inflated, this balloon exerts pressure against the
hemorrhaging veins of the esophagus. A third tube is attached to a suction device and
aspirates contents of the stomach.
2 Perform ice water lavage. Wash out the esophagus with
ice water after you have controlled the hemorrhaging veins.
3 Sedate the patient and give the esophagus complete rest.
4 Administer feedings intravenously.
3-4.
DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF THE STOMACH
a. Acute Simple Gastritis.
(1) Definition. Acute simple gastritis is an acute inflammation and erosion of
the stomach mucosa (lining of the stomach). This is the most common disturbance of
the stomach and occurs in all age groups. In this disorder, a number of changes take
place in the stomach lining. There is vascular congestion, excessive accumulation of
blood in the blood vessels. Edema, an abnormal collection of fluid in the intercellular
tissue spaces, occurs, and degenerative changes of tissue to a less functionally active
form also occur in the stomach lining. This stomach disorder often begins suddenly and
violently but does not last very long.
Etiology. There are a variety of causes including the following:
(2)
(a)
Chemical irritants; for example alcohol, salicylates.
(b) Bacterial infections or toxins; for example, staphylococcal food
poisoning, scarlet fever, pneumonia.
(c)
Viral infections; "viral gastroenteritis," measles, hepatitis, influenza.
(d)
Allergy; for example, to shellfish.
MD0581
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