d. Management.
(1) Because no specific antiviral measure has yet been developed, medical
treatment is symptomatic.
(2) Specific supportive nursing measures which apply to the patient with
meningitis should be followed.
2-31. POLIOMYELITIS
a. Definition. Poliomyelitis is an acute, highly infectious viral disease
characterized by fever, paralysis, and muscle atrophy. Infection is transmitted through
oral and nasal secretions or through the oral-fecal route. The incidence of polio has
been greatly reduced with childhood immunization using the Sabin and Salk polio
vaccines.
b. Signs and Symptoms.
(1)
Headache.
(2)
Vomiting.
(3)
Fever.
(4)
Lethargy.
(5)
Anorexia.
(6)
Muscle pain, stiffness.
(7)
Loss of deep tendon reflexes.
(8)
Muscle weakness.
(9)
Paralysis.
c. Medical and Nursing Management.
(1)
Monitor patient's level of consciousness.
(2)
Utilize supportive nursing measures.
(3)
Consult infection control for recommendations regarding enteric
precautions.
(4)
Involve physical therapy for a formal evaluation and instruction.
MD0919
2-40