(5)
Observance.
(a) For appearance of an increase in jaundice.
(b) For changes in urination frequency or pigmentation.
(c)
For behavioral changes.
11-5.
INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGE
a. Intracranial hemorrhage is caused by trauma or anorexia in utero or at the
time of birth. It most frequently occurs in preterm neonates but may also be found in
full-term babies. Difficult and very rapid deliveries are often associated with intracranial
hemorrhage.
b. Symptoms depend on the areas of hemorrhage and the amount and extent
of the hemorrhage. It may be subtle or pronounced, occur at birth, or within several
days following birth.
(1)
Low APGAR scores.
(2)
Irregular respirations.
(3)
Cold, pale, and clammy skin.
(4)
Bulging or tense fontanels.
(5)
Unequal pupils.
(6)
Diminishing moro reflex.
(7)
Opisthotonos.
(8)
Seizures.
c. Medical and nursing interventions.
(1)
Keep the infant in a quiet environment.
(2)
Avoid stressful or stimulating procedures.
(3)
Monitor respiratory functions and temperature instability.
(4)
Feed as tolerated.
(5)
Administer sedatives and/or vitamin K as ordered.
MD0922
11-8