(2)
Body image distortions (depends on diagnosis).
(3) Decrease in sensory stimulation due to lack of activity, and altered
sleep-wake pattern.
(4) Increased risk of depression, which may cause the patient to become
apathetic, possibly because of decreased sensory stimulation; or the patient may exhibit
altered thought processes.
(5)
Decreased social interaction.
5-3.
THE PURPOSES OF EXERCISE FOR THE IMMOBILE PATIENT
a. To maintain joint mobility is done by putting each of the patient's joints
through all possible movements to increase and/or maintain movement in each joint.
b. To prevent contracture, atony (insufficient muscular tone), and atrophy of
muscles.
c. To stimulate circulation, preventing thrombus and embolus formation.
d. To improve coordination.
e. To increase tolerance for more activity.
f. To maintain and build muscle strength.
5-4.
TYPES OF EXERCISES
a. Passive. These exercises are carried out by the nurse, without assistance
from the patient. Passive exercises will not preserve muscle mass or bone
mineralization because there is no voluntary contraction, lengthening of muscle, or
tension on bones.
b. Active Assistive. These exercises are performed by the patient with
assistance from the nurse. Active assistive exercises encourage normal muscle
function while the nurse supports the distal joint.
c. Active. Active exercises are performed by the patient, without assistance, to
increase muscle strength.
d. Resistive. These are active exercises performed by the patient by pulling or
pushing against an opposing force.
MD0905
5-5