(2)
Signs and symptoms of air embolism.
(a) Abrupt drop in blood pressure.
(b) Chest pain.
(c)
Weak, rapid pulse.
(d) Cyanosis (a blue-gray discoloration of the skin due to inadequate
perfusion of oxygen).
(e) Loss of consciousness.
(3)
Intervention measures for air embolism.
(a) Notify supervisor immediately.
(b) Administer oxygen, if allowed.
(c) Turn the patient on his left side and lower the head of the bed so
the air bubbles can float to and remain in the right atrium. The risk of serious effects of
an air embolism increases if the embolism passes to the left side of the heart.
(4)
Preventive measures against air embolism.
(a) Clear all air from the tubing before attaching it to the patient.
(b) Monitor solutions closely and change the before they are empty.
(c)
Check to see that all connections are secure.
e. Infection. Infection is the state or condition in which the body or a part of it is
invaded by a pathogenic agent (microorganism or virus) which, under favorable
conditions, multiplies and produces effects that are injurious. Localized infection is
usually accompanied by inflammation, but inflammation may occur without infection.
(1)
Causes of infections.
(a)
Poor aseptic techniques.
1 Unsterile venipuncture techniques.
3 Failure to keep the site clean or to change IV equipment
regularly.
MD0553
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