c. Certain factors predispose the urinary tract to infection:
(1)
Urinary stasis.
(2)
Obstructions to urine flow such as strictures or stones.
(3)
Systemic infection, which may enter the kidney through the blood or
lymph.
(4)
The presence of other renal disease.
2-25. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS
Infections of the urinary tract may occur with or without symptoms. When
symptoms do occur, they may include the following:
a. Lower urinary tract infections (cystitis, urethritis).
(1)
Dysuria.
(2)
Hematuria.
(3)
(4)
Urgency.
(5)
Nocturia.
(6)
Bacteria/pus in urine.
(7)
Back pain.
(8)
Sensation of "bearing down" or spasm in suprapubic region.
(9)
Urethral discharge (urethritis).
b. Upper urinary tract infections (pyelonephritis).
(1)
All the symptoms of a lower UTI, plus:
(2)
Flank pain.
(3)
Fever.
(4)
Chills.
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