j. When the immature newborn is given intravenous feedings, the fluid should
be controlled by a continuous infusion pump to ensure a constant rate and to prevent
over feeding. The infant must be carefully observed for the development of
hyperglycemia because of the increased amounts of glucose administered. Urine
checks are made and the frequency, glucose, detones, and specific gravity are
recorded.
10-7. PREVENTION OF INFECTION IN THE PREMATURE INFANT
The infant is very vulnerable to infection because the skin is immature and easily
traumatized, thus weakening the defense against pathogens. The baby also has a
lower resistance to infection because of a white blood cell count that is lower than the
term infant. Protective measures include:
a. A restriction on all staff who have an infection.
b. Meticulous handwashing.
c. Gowning regulations.
d. Separate premature nursery.
e. Contact with only essential authorized personnel
f. Cleanliness of immediate environment.
10-8. ILLNESS OF THE PREMATURE INFANT
a. The premature infant is especially susceptible to some major illnesses.
(1)
Respiratory distress syndrome/Hyaline membrane disease.
(2) Bronchopulmonary dysplasia - emphysematous changes which occur as
a result of O2 toxicity.
(3)
Pulmonary dysmaturity.
(4)
Retrolental fibroplasia.
(5)
Hypoglycemia.
(6)
Sepsis.
(7)
Anemia.
MD0922
10-6
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