b. Signs and Symptoms of Tumors of the Bladder. Included are the
following:
(1) Hematuria (discharge of red blood cells in the urine) is the most common
symptom, occurring early in the tumor's growth.
(2)
Cystitis with frequency, urgency, and pain on urination.
(3)
Pain above the pubic arch, occurring as the tumor extends beyond the
bladder.
c. Treatment of Tumors of the Bladder. Cystoscopic examination and
biopsies should be done as soon as blood is detected in the urine. Removal of the
tumor before it invades the muscle wall gives the best prognosis.
Section VI. DISORDERS OF THE URETHRA
3-21. CONGENITAL DEFECTS
A variety of congenital defects present at birth may involve the urethra as well as
other parts of the urinary tract.
a. The opening of the urethra to the outside may be too small or the urethra
itself may be narrowed.
b. Occasionally, an abnormal valve-like structure is located at the point at which
the urethra enters the bladder. If this structure is not removed surgically, these
valve-like folds of tissue can cause a backpressure of the urine with serious
consequences.
c. Occasionally, an abnormal valve-like structure is located at the point at which
the urethra enters the bladder. If this structure is not removed surgically, these
valve-like folds of tissue can cause a backpressure of the urine with serious
consequences.
3-22. OTHER DISORDERS
Other disorders to the urethra include:
a. Urethritis. Urethritis is the inflammation of the mucous membrane and the
glands of the urethra. This disorder is more common in males than in females. Signs
and symptoms include burning pain on urination, frequent urination, and pain in the
lower abdominal area. Urine may be cloudy, foul smelling, or dark. Urethritis is often caused by
gonorrhea, although other bacteria may also be responsible for the infection.
MD0579
3-22