CLASS
CARBOXYLIC
OF
AMIDE
ESTER
KETONE
ALDEHYDE
ACID
AMINE
ETHER
PHENOL
ALCOHOL
COMPOUNDS
O
O
O
O
GENERAL
O
║
║
║
STRUCTURE
R-C-R
R-C-OH
R-NH2
R-O-R
R-C-NH2
Ar-OH
R-C-O-R
R-OH
R-C-H
ROH
ArOH
ROR
RNH2
RCOOH
RCOH
RCOR
RCOOR
RCONH2
PRODUCT
O
O
0
0
O
║
║
║
║
║
OR
CH3COH
CH3CH
CH3CCH3
CH3COCH3
CH3CNH2
CH3CH2O
C2H5OC2H5
-OH
CH3CH2NH2
COMPOUND
H
NAME IN
Ethanol
Ethanic
Methyl
COMMON
Ethyl
Ethylamin
Acid
Ethanol
2-
EthanoatE
Ethanamide
SYSTEM
(Ethyl
Phenol
Ether
e
Propanone
Alcohol)
(Acetic
(Acetal-
(Methyl
(Methyl
(Acetamide)
Acid)
dehyde)
Ketone)
Acetate)
OTHER
Acetone
COMMON
Grain
Carbolic
Diethyl
-
-
-
NAMES
Alcohol
Acid
Ether
Dimethyl
Dimethyl
-
Detone
Ester
pH
Neutral
Slightly
Neutral
Basic
Acidic
Neutral
Neutral
Neutral
Neutral
Acidic
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
2H
No
No
No
Yes
BETWEEN
Bonds
THEMSELVES
COMPARISON
OF BOILING
Higher
Higher
Same
Highest
Same
Same
Same
Same
High
POINT TO
CORRES-
PONDING
ALKANE
O
1
Aldehyde
Acid
CO2
OXIDIZED
+
And/Or
Acid
(Very
-
-
TO
H20
Acid
-
Difficult)
-
-
o
2
Ketone
Alcohol
O
REDUCED
-
-
-
Alcohol
2 Alcohol
+
Alcohol
-
TO
Alcohol
HYDROLYSIS
-
-
-
-
-
-
Alcohol
Acid
+
+
Acid
Amine
Table 3-3. Summary of properties for functional groups
3-14
MD0803