Section II. THE UROGENITAL SYSTEM
2-10. INTRODUCTION
a. The urogenital system is described in subcourse MD0956.
b. Urography is the radiographic study of the functional and structural aspects of
the parts of the urinary tract after they have been rendered radiopaque. This term
embraces two methods of examining the kidneys utilizing a contrast medium--excretory
urography and retrograde urography. Excretory urography is a functional examination
and retrograde urography is a structural examination. In either case, specific patient
preparation is required. In retrograde urography, the contrast medium is introduced
directly into the renal pelvis via the ureter using special catheters. In excretory
urography, the contrast medium is usually injected intravenously and passes quickly
into the urine; however, it can be introduced intramuscularly, subcutaneously, or orally,
depending upon clinical contingencies. Excretory urography is commonly referred to as
intravenous pyelography and retrograde urography is commonly referred to as
retrograde pyelography. The films thus obtained are called pyelograms.
c. Terms applied to other urographic examinations and the organs to which they
pertain are given below.
(1)
Ureterography--ureters.
(2)
Cystography--urinary bladder.
(3)
Urethrography--urethra.
(4)
Prostatography--prostate.
(5)
Epididymography--epididymis.
(6)
Vesiculography--seminal vesicles.
(7)
Hypertrography or uterography--uterus.
(8) Hysterosalpingography or uterosalpinography--uterus and oviducts
(fallopian tubes).
(9)
Nephrography--kidney tubules.
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