Loose areolar FCT is found widely throughout the body. An example is the superficial
fascia (subcutaneous layer). The superficial fascia is the connective tissue which lies
beneath the skin. Loose areolar FCT is the filling substance around most organs and
tissues of the body.
(2) Dense FCT. The fibers of dense FCT are closely packed and parallel.
There are no significant spaces between the fibers. Examples of dense FCT are
ligaments and tendons. A ligament is a band of dense FCT that holds the bones
together at a joint. A tendon attaches a muscle to a bone.
2-10. CARTILAGE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
a. Cartilage Cells. Cartilage cells are also called chondroblasts. Cartilage cells
are clustered in microscopic pockets within the cartilage matrix. The cartilage cells
produce the material of the matrix.
b. Matrix. The matrix produced by the cartilage cells appears homogeneous
(the same throughout). The matrix also appears amorphous (shapeless).
c. Types of Cartilage CT.
(1) Hyaline cartilage CT. Hyaline cartilage CT appears homogeneous and
clear.
HYALINE = clear
This type of cartilage helps to cover bone surfaces at joints. Hyaline cartilage is found
as incomplete rings which keep the trachea (windpipe) open.
(2) Fibrous cartilage CT. Fibrous cartilage CT includes dense masses of
fibers (of FCT). It is more rigid than hyaline cartilage. The auricle of the external ear is
stiffened with fibrous cartilage.
(3) Calcified cartilage CT. Calcified cartilage CT is cartilage that has been
stiffened by the addition of calcium salts. This is not the same as bone tissue. An
example is the cartilages of the larynx (the voice box) which become calcified with age.
2-11. BONE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
a. Osteoblasts/Osteoclasts. Osteoblasts are cells that make and repair bone.
Osteoclasts are cells which tear down and remove bone. Bone is continually being
remodeled as a person lives. Remodeling is in direct response to the stresses placed
on the bone.
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