5.
The pituitary body is a small
-sized and
-shaped structure. It is
attached to the base of the brain in the region of the h
. In addition, it is
housed within a hollow of the bony floor of the
cavity. The pituitary body is
actually two glands: the
pituitary gland and the
pituitary gland.
6.
The posterior pituitary gland is that portion of the pituitary body which comes
from and retains its connection with the
. The hormones of
the posterior pituitary gland are actually produced in the h
of the brain. The
two recognized hormones of the posterior pituitary gland are
(a
hormone) and
. The first is involved with the
of water within
the kidneys; it is produced under
conditions. The second is concerned with
contractions of smooth muscle in the
and with
production.
7.
The anterior pituitary gland originates from the roof of the embryo's
. It then attaches itself to the
gland. By means of
a venous portal system, the anterior pituitary gland is connected to the h
.
Here, certain chemicals known as r
f
are produced. These are
carried to the anterior pituitary by the
system. They stimulate the
anterior pituitary gland's cells to secrete their specific
. In turn, these
hormones stimulate the target organs to produce their own products. This stimulating
effect is referred to as
. Two hormones produced by the anterior
pituitary gland are
trophic hormone and
(
trophic hormone).
The target organs of the first are the
ing structures of the body. The
second stimulates the cortex of the
(
) gland to produce its hormones.
8.
The thyroid gland is in the
region just below the
and
surrounds the
. The masses on either side of the trachea are the right and left
thyroid
. The tissue connecting the two lobes is called the
. It is found
across the front of the
. Each lobe of the thyroid gland is supplied by
the superior and inferior
arteries. The primary hormone of the thyroid gland
is
, which affects the
(
), the level of
activity of the body.
9.
Where are the parathyroid glands located?
The hormone produced by these glands is called
hormone or
. It is involved with
metabolism.
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