SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES, LESSON 11
1.
The endocrine glands are organs of internal secretion. Since they lack a duct
system, they are often called ductless glands. They are usually well supplied with blood
vessels to facilitate the release of their secretions into the blood. (para 11-1)
2.
A hormone is a chemical required in very small amounts for the proper
development or functioning of the body. Unlike a vitamin, a hormone is produced within
the body.
The blood carries each hormone to its target organ, whose level of activity in turn
affects the endocrine organ. Thus, to ensure the secretion of just the right amount of
3.
Many of the hormones of the pituitary body are called "tropins" because they
4.
Antidiuretic hormone, (ADH) and oxytocin are produced by the hypothalamus
and released from the posterior pituitary gland.
ADH is involved with the resorption or salvaging of water within the kidneys.
ADH is produced under thirst conditions.
Oxytocin is involved with contractions of smooth muscle in the uterus and with
5.
Somatotropin, thyrotropin, and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) are
produced by the anterior pituitary gland.
Somatotropin stimulates the growth of the body in general.
Thyrotropin stimulates the thyroid gland to produce its hormones.
ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce its hormones. (para 11-6)
6.
The pineal gland is apparently associated with sexual drive and reproduction.
7.
Thyroxin and calcitonin are secreted by the thyroid gland.
Thyroxin affects the basal metabolic rate.
Calcitonin is involved with calcium metabolism. (para 11-9)
8.
The hormone of the parathyroid gland is parathormone, important in maintaining
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