LESSON 2
PROCEDURES IN GYNECOLOGICAL AND OBSTETRICAL SURGERY
Section I. ANATOMY OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
2-1.
INTRODUCTION
a. A general understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the female pelvis,
reproductive organs, and associated structures (such as the bony pelvis) is necessary
for the operating room staff. Application of anatomy is extremely important in
positioning the patient for surgery, in selecting the proper instruments and sutures for a
specific type of operation, and in understanding the plan of surgery.
b. The female reproductive organs and their relationships are shown in
figure 2-1. The adult female structures directly and indirectly associated with the
process of reproduction include the bony pelvis, the associated ligaments and muscles,
the soft tissues and contents of the pelvic cavity, and the external organs (vulva).
Figure 2-1. Female reproductive organs.
2-2.
THE BONY PELVIS
a. The Latin word pelvis means basin. The pelvis is that part of the trunk which
is surrounded by the bony pelvis. The bony pelvis (see figure 2-2) is made up of the
ilium, pubis, ischium, sacrum, and coccyx. The so-called pelvic brim divides the
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2-2