(3)
Mixed staphylococcal and gram-negative infections.
b. Administration. The usual dose is 7.5 mg/kg of body weight, IM every 12
hours. The average daily adult dose is 1.0 gram.
(1) Uncomplicated infections of sensitive organisms should respond in 24 to
48 hours. Should no improvement be seen in 3 to 5 days, therapy should be stopped
and bacterial sensitivity rechecked.
(2) Partially used vials should be discarded after 48 hours, and kanamycin
should not be physically mixed with other anti-infective agents.
c. Cautions and Warnings.
(1) Prior to and during therapy, audiograms should be obtained on clients
with kidney dysfunction if therapy is to last more than 5 days.
(2)
Kanamycin therapy should be stopped if client complains of tinnitus or
hearing loss.
(3) Clients should be well hydrated to prevent chemical irritation to the renal
tubules. Concurrent use of kanamycin and potent diuretics, such as furosemide and
ethacrynic acid, should be avoided.
(4) Concurrent administration of kanamycin and other potentially
nephrotoxic and ototoxic drugs should be avoided.
(5)
Safety in pregnancy has not been established.
(6) Renal function should be checked prior to and during therapy. If
azotemia or oliguria occurs, therapy should be discontinued.
(7)
Bacterial or mycotic superinfections may occur with therapy.
(8) Allow for complete recovery from anesthesia and muscle relaxants
before intraperitoneal instillation to avoid neuromuscular paralysis with respiratory
depression.
d. Adverse Reactions.
(1)
Pain or irritation may occur at the site of injection.
(2) Eighth cranial nerve damage, affecting mainly hearing, may be
irreversible. In some clients, this hearing loss may not be detected until after therapy
has been discontinued. Nerve damage is more likely to occur in clients with renal
impairment.
MD0913
6-4